اطلاعات مرجع کد opcode EVM از یلوپپیر اتریوم برای تشخیص و بهینه سازی گس تراکنش های قراردادهای هوشمند در اتریوم
| Opcode | نام عملیات | توضیحات | اطلاعات اضافی | گس فی |
|---|---|---|---|---|
0x00 | STOP | Halts execution | – | 0 |
0x01 | ADD | Addition operation | – | 3 |
0x02 | MUL | Multiplication operation | – | 5 |
0x03 | SUB | Subtraction operation | – | 3 |
0x04 | DIV | Integer division operation | – | 5 |
0x05 | SDIV | Signed integer division operation (truncated) | – | 5 |
0x06 | MOD | Modulo remainder operation | – | 5 |
0x07 | SMOD | Signed modulo remainder operation | – | 5 |
0x08 | ADDMOD | Modulo addition operation | – | 8 |
0x09 | MULMOD | Modulo multiplication operation | – | 8 |
0x0a | EXP | Exponential operation | – | 10* |
0x0b | SIGNEXTEND | Extend length of two’s complement signed integer | – | 5 |
0x0c – 0x0f | Unused | Unused | – | |
0x10 | LT | Less-than comparison | – | 3 |
0x11 | GT | Greater-than comparison | – | 3 |
0x12 | SLT | Signed less-than comparison | – | 3 |
0x13 | SGT | Signed greater-than comparison | – | 3 |
0x14 | EQ | Equality comparison | – | 3 |
0x15 | ISZERO | Simple not operator | – | 3 |
0x16 | AND | Bitwise AND operation | – | 3 |
0x17 | OR | Bitwise OR operation | – | 3 |
0x18 | XOR | Bitwise XOR operation | – | 3 |
0x19 | NOT | Bitwise NOT operation | – | 3 |
0x1a | BYTE | Retrieve single byte from word | – | 3 |
0x1b | SHL | Shift Left | EIP145 | 3 |
0x1c | SHR | Logical Shift Right | EIP145 | 3 |
0x1d | SAR | Arithmetic Shift Right | EIP145 | 3 |
0x20 | KECCAK256 | Compute Keccak-256 hash | – | 30* |
0x21 – 0x2f | Unused | Unused | ||
0x30 | ADDRESS | Get address of currently executing account | – | 2 |
0x31 | BALANCE | Get balance of the given account | – | 700 |
0x32 | ORIGIN | Get execution origination address | – | 2 |
0x33 | CALLER | Get caller address | – | 2 |
0x34 | CALLVALUE | Get deposited value by the instruction/transaction responsible for this execution | – | 2 |
0x35 | CALLDATALOAD | Get input data of current environment | – | 3 |
0x36 | CALLDATASIZE | Get size of input data in current environment | – | 2* |
0x37 | CALLDATACOPY | Copy input data in current environment to memory | – | 3 |
0x38 | CODESIZE | Get size of code running in current environment | – | 2 |
0x39 | CODECOPY | Copy code running in current environment to memory | – | 3* |
0x3a | GASPRICE | Get price of gas in current environment | – | 2 |
0x3b | EXTCODESIZE | Get size of an account’s code | – | 700 |
0x3c | EXTCODECOPY | Copy an account’s code to memory | – | 700* |
0x3d | RETURNDATASIZE | Pushes the size of the return data buffer onto the stack | EIP 211 | 2 |
0x3e | RETURNDATACOPY | Copies data from the return data buffer to memory | EIP 211 | 3 |
0x3f | EXTCODEHASH | Returns the keccak256 hash of a contract’s code | EIP 1052 | 700 |
0x40 | BLOCKHASH | Get the hash of one of the 256 most recent complete blocks | – | 20 |
0x41 | COINBASE | Get the block’s beneficiary address | – | 2 |
0x42 | TIMESTAMP | Get the block’s timestamp | – | 2 |
0x43 | NUMBER | Get the block’s number | – | 2 |
0x44 | DIFFICULTY | Get the block’s difficulty | – | 2 |
0x45 | GASLIMIT | Get the block’s gas limit | – | 2 |
0x46 | CHAINID | Returns the current chain’s EIP-155 unique identifier | EIP 1344 | 2 |
0x47 – 0x4f | Unused | – | ||
0x48 | BASEFEE | Returns the value of the base fee of the current block it is executing in. | EIP 3198 | 2 |
0x50 | POP | Remove word from stack | – | 2 |
0x51 | MLOAD | Load word from memory | – | 3* |
0x52 | MSTORE | Save word to memory | – | 3* |
0x53 | MSTORE8 | Save byte to memory | – | 3 |
0x54 | SLOAD | Load word from storage | – | 800 |
0x55 | SSTORE | Save word to storage | – | 20000** |
0x56 | JUMP | Alter the program counter | – | 8 |
0x57 | JUMPI | Conditionally alter the program counter | – | 10 |
0x58 | GETPC | Get the value of the program counter prior to the increment | – | 2 |
0x59 | MSIZE | Get the size of active memory in bytes | – | 2 |
0x5a | GAS | Get the amount of available gas, including the corresponding reduction for the cost of this instruction | – | 2 |
0x5b | JUMPDEST | Mark a valid destination for jumps | – | 1 |
0x5c – 0x5f | Unused | – | ||
0x60 | PUSH1 | Place 1 byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x61 | PUSH2 | Place 2-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x62 | PUSH3 | Place 3-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x63 | PUSH4 | Place 4-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x64 | PUSH5 | Place 5-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x65 | PUSH6 | Place 6-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x66 | PUSH7 | Place 7-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x67 | PUSH8 | Place 8-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x68 | PUSH9 | Place 9-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x69 | PUSH10 | Place 10-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x6a | PUSH11 | Place 11-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x6b | PUSH12 | Place 12-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x6c | PUSH13 | Place 13-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x6d | PUSH14 | Place 14-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x6e | PUSH15 | Place 15-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x6f | PUSH16 | Place 16-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x70 | PUSH17 | Place 17-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x71 | PUSH18 | Place 18-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x72 | PUSH19 | Place 19-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x73 | PUSH20 | Place 20-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x74 | PUSH21 | Place 21-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x75 | PUSH22 | Place 22-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x76 | PUSH23 | Place 23-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x77 | PUSH24 | Place 24-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x78 | PUSH25 | Place 25-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x79 | PUSH26 | Place 26-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x7a | PUSH27 | Place 27-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x7b | PUSH28 | Place 28-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x7c | PUSH29 | Place 29-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x7d | PUSH30 | Place 30-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x7e | PUSH31 | Place 31-byte item on stack | – | 3 |
0x7f | PUSH32 | Place 32-byte (full word) item on stack | – | 3 |
0x80 | DUP1 | Duplicate 1st stack item | – | 3 |
0x81 | DUP2 | Duplicate 2nd stack item | – | 3 |
0x82 | DUP3 | Duplicate 3rd stack item | – | 3 |
0x83 | DUP4 | Duplicate 4th stack item | – | 3 |
0x84 | DUP5 | Duplicate 5th stack item | – | 3 |
0x85 | DUP6 | Duplicate 6th stack item | – | 3 |
0x86 | DUP7 | Duplicate 7th stack item | – | 3 |
0x87 | DUP8 | Duplicate 8th stack item | – | 3 |
0x88 | DUP9 | Duplicate 9th stack item | – | 3 |
0x89 | DUP10 | Duplicate 10th stack item | – | 3 |
0x8a | DUP11 | Duplicate 11th stack item | – | 3 |
0x8b | DUP12 | Duplicate 12th stack item | – | 3 |
0x8c | DUP13 | Duplicate 13th stack item | – | 3 |
0x8d | DUP14 | Duplicate 14th stack item | – | 3 |
0x8e | DUP15 | Duplicate 15th stack item | – | 3 |
0x8f | DUP16 | Duplicate 16th stack item | – | 3 |
0x90 | SWAP1 | Exchange 1st and 2nd stack items | – | 3 |
0x91 | SWAP2 | Exchange 1st and 3rd stack items | – | 3 |
0x92 | SWAP3 | Exchange 1st and 4th stack items | – | 3 |
0x93 | SWAP4 | Exchange 1st and 5th stack items | – | 3 |
0x94 | SWAP5 | Exchange 1st and 6th stack items | – | 3 |
0x95 | SWAP6 | Exchange 1st and 7th stack items | – | 3 |
0x96 | SWAP7 | Exchange 1st and 8th stack items | – | 3 |
0x97 | SWAP8 | Exchange 1st and 9th stack items | – | 3 |
0x98 | SWAP9 | Exchange 1st and 10th stack items | – | 3 |
0x99 | SWAP10 | Exchange 1st and 11th stack items | – | 3 |
0x9a | SWAP11 | Exchange 1st and 12th stack items | – | 3 |
0x9b | SWAP12 | Exchange 1st and 13th stack items | – | 3 |
0x9c | SWAP13 | Exchange 1st and 14th stack items | – | 3 |
0x9d | SWAP14 | Exchange 1st and 15th stack items | – | 3 |
0x9e | SWAP15 | Exchange 1st and 16th stack items | – | 3 |
0x9f | SWAP16 | Exchange 1st and 17th stack items | – | 3 |
0xa0 | LOG0 | Append log record with no topics | – | 375 |
0xa1 | LOG1 | Append log record with one topic | – | 750 |
0xa2 | LOG2 | Append log record with two topics | – | 1125 |
0xa3 | LOG3 | Append log record with three topics | – | 1500 |
0xa4 | LOG4 | Append log record with four topics | – | 1875 |
0xa5 – 0xaf | Unused | – | ||
0xb0 | JUMPTO | Tentative libevmasm has different numbers | EIP 615 | |
0xb1 | JUMPIF | Tentative | EIP 615 | |
0xb2 | JUMPSUB | Tentative | EIP 615 | |
0xb4 | JUMPSUBV | Tentative | EIP 615 | |
0xb5 | BEGINSUB | Tentative | EIP 615 | |
0xb6 | BEGINDATA | Tentative | EIP 615 | |
0xb8 | RETURNSUB | Tentative | EIP 615 | |
0xb9 | PUTLOCAL | Tentative | EIP 615 | |
0xba | GETLOCAL | Tentative | EIP 615 | |
0xbb – 0xe0 | Unused | – | ||
0xe1 | SLOADBYTES | Only referenced in pyethereum | – | – |
0xe2 | SSTOREBYTES | Only referenced in pyethereum | – | – |
0xe3 | SSIZE | Only referenced in pyethereum | – | – |
0xe4 – 0xef | Unused | – | ||
0xf0 | CREATE | Create a new account with associated code | – | 32000 |
0xf1 | CALL | Message-call into an account | – | Complicated |
0xf2 | CALLCODE | Message-call into this account with alternative account’s code | – | Complicated |
0xf3 | RETURN | Halt execution returning output data | – | 0 |
0xf4 | DELEGATECALL | Message-call into this account with an alternative account’s code, but persisting into this account with an alternative account’s code | – | Complicated |
0xf5 | CREATE2 | Create a new account and set creation address to sha3(sender + sha3(init code)) % 2**160 | – | |
0xf6 – 0xf9 | Unused | – | – | |
0xfa | STATICCALL | Similar to CALL, but does not modify state | – | 40 |
0xfb | Unused | – | – | |
0xfc | TXEXECGAS | Not in yellow paper FIXME | – | – |
0xfd | REVERT | Stop execution and revert state changes, without consuming all provided gas and providing a reason | – | 0 |
0xfe | INVALID | Designated invalid instruction | – | 0 |
0xff | SELFDESTRUCT | Halt execution and register account for later deletion | – | 5000* |
